Structura si denumirea alcanilor
ALCANI=hidrocarburi saturate aciclice, care contin in molecula numai legaturi covalente simple carbon-carbon si
carbon-hidrogen.
FORMULA GENERALA A ALCANILOR: C(n)H(2n+2) !!!notare: in paranteza sunt indici
Alcanii nu au molecule plane.
FORMULA MOLECULARA DENUMIRE FORMULA STRUCTURALA
CH4 METAN CH4
C2H6 ETAN CH3-CH3=-H3C-CH3
C3H8 PROPAN CH3-CH2-CH3
C4H10 BUTAN CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3
C5H12 PENTAN CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
C6H14 HEXAN CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
C7H16 HEPTAN CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
C8H18 OCTAN CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
C9H20 NONAN CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
C10H22 DECAN CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3