Clasificarea compusilor organici
!!!!!!!!!!!!!NOTARE: in paranteza sunt indicele
HIDROCARBURI:
SATURATE - ALCANI: C(n)H(2n+2) ; unde n=1,2...
- CICLOALCANI: C(n)H(2n) ; unde n=3,4...
NESATURATE - ALCHENE: C(n)H(2n) ; unde n=2,3...
- ALCADIENE: C(n)H(2n-2) ; unde n=3,4...
- ALCHINE: C(n)H(2n-2) ; unde n=2,3...
AROMATICE - MONONUCLEARE: C(n)H(2n-6) ; unde n=6,7...
- POLINUCLEARE: C(n)H(2n-12) ; unde n=10,11...
DERIVATI CU FUNCTII SIMPLE:
DERIVATI HALOGENATI: R - X (ex: CH3-Cl)
COMPUSI HIDROXILICI - ALCOOLI: R - OH (ex: CH3-OH)
- FENOLI: Ar - OH
AMINE: R - NH2 (ex: CH3-NH2)
COMPUSI CARBONILICI - ALDEHIDE: R-C=O (ex: CH3-C=O)
| |
H H
- CETONE: R - C - R (ex: CH3 - C - CH3)
|| ||
O O
ACIZI CARBOXILICI: R-C=O (ex: CH3-C=O)
| |
OH OH